https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/710 2026-09-15T09:24:49Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7216 Título: O sistema de garantia de direitos e a perícia especializada criminal de crianças e adolescentes no Maranhão: limites e perspectivas Autor: FERNANDES , Karen Andressa Pires Primeiro orientador: ARAUJO , Cleonice Correa Abstract: This study analyzes the structuring and operational dynamics of the Specialized Criminal Forensic Science Service directed at children and adolescents who are victims or witnesses of violence in the State of Maranhão, in light of the regulatory guidelines of the Rights Guarantee System (SGDCA) established by Law No. 13,431/2017. Anchored in historical-dialectical materialism and guided by theoretical frameworks on institutional violence and the microphysics of power, the research investigates the protective and criminal accountability role exercised by the Institute of Forensics for Children and Adolescents (IPCA) in São Luís. The methodological approach is based on documentary analysis and managerial data from institutional reports of the Official Criminal Forensics of Maranhão. The study reconstructs the exogenous genesis of the IPCA, born under the aegis of the friendly settlement before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) in the case of the "Emasculated Boys of Maranhão", highlighting the limits of purely bureaucratic institutional reforms. The results point to severe structural and managerial bottlenecks in the local forensic reality: physical and architectural inadequacies at the metropolitan headquarters that compromise the privacy of care and generate institutional revictimization; chronic territorial asymmetry characterized by the total absence of specialized child and adolescent forensic units in interior municipalities; informational opacity and fragmentation in the data transmission flow between security agencies; and an expressive deficit in the career technical staff, managed precariously through temporary labor ties. It is concluded that the mere introduction of isolated physical macrostructures is insufficient to ensure the Doctrine of Integral Protection. It becomes imperative to implement a paradigmatic shift that integrates intersectoral flows, standardizes operational protocols based on an age-group perspective, and establishes democratic channels of control and transparency, transforming protective efficacy from a regulatory precept into a concrete administrative reality. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-06-29T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7212 Título: A POLÍTICA DE ERRADICAÇÃO DO TRABALHO INFANTIL NO MARANHÃO (2016–2024): Uma avaliação de possíveis impactos a partir da PNAD Contínua Autor: SERRA, Taísa Guimaraes Primeiro orientador: LIMA, Valéria Ferreira Santos de Almada Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the potential impacts of the Child Labor Eradication Policy in the state of Maranhão from 2016 to 2024, based on data from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Continua). The study starts from the understanding that child labor is a historically produced and socially determined phenomenon, directly related to the structural inequalities that mark Brazilian social formation, especially in peripheral contexts characterized by poverty, informality, and the fragility of public policies. The research is guided by the following question: how did child labor indicators evolve in Maranhão between 2016 and 2024, and how does this evolution reveal the structural socioeconomic determinants that condition the effectiveness of the policy to eradicate this phenomenon in the state? The general objective is to evaluate the potential impacts of the Child Labor Eradication Policy in Maranhão, identifying trends, socioeconomic determinants, and structural limitations of the policy. The theoretical and methodological framework adopted is historicaldialectical materialism, understanding child labor as an expression of the contradictions between capital and labor and the reproduction of social inequalities. This is an evaluative research, with a mixed approach (quantitative-qualitative), based on descriptive and comparative analysis of data from the PNAD Contínua (Continuous National Household Sample Survey), articulated with a critical interpretation of specialized literature, national and international normative frameworks, and public policies to combat child labor. The results show that, although there have been reductions in the indicators throughout the historical series, Maranhão remains among the states with the highest rates of child labor in the country, especially in informal activities and the worst forms of exploitation. It is concluded that the limits of the policy to eradicate child labor are directly related to the persistence of structural determinants such as poverty, racial inequality, precariousness of adult work, and institutional fragility, demonstrating that normative and programmatic advances, although relevant, have not been sufficient to ensure the effective overcoming of the phenomenon. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-06-19T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7176 Título: Concepções de educação e trabalho nos projetos político-pedagógicos da residência integrada multiprofissional em saúde do HU-UFMA Autor: PARENTE, Suerly Ferreira Melo Primeiro orientador: LIMA, Cristiana Costa Abstract: The training of workers for the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) occupies a strategic position in the debate on the qualification of health practices and the strengthening of the principles of the Brazilian Health Reform. In this context, the Integrated Multiprofessional Health Residency (RIMS) constitutes an important modality of in-service training, articulating teaching, work, and health care, con- solidating itself as a training strategy in expansion in the country. However, these training processes develop in a context marked by profound transformations in the world of work and by changes in the management of public health policies, particularly in university hospitals. The incorporation of management mecha- nisms inspired by business rationality, expressed by the actions of the Brazilian Hospital Services Company, highlights the coexistence of different conceptions of education and work in health. In this scenario, it becomes necessary to inves- tigate how the training of health professionals, including social workers, whose work, in line with the ethical-political project of the profession, is committed to the defense of health as a universal right, has been oriented. Furthermore, consider- ing that the RIMS (Integrated Rehabilitation of Health Practices) proposes the transformation of health practices through on-the-job training and learning built within the work process itself, it becomes pertinent to reflect on work as an edu- cational principle and on the conceptions that guide this training. It is in this con- text that the RIMS of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mara- nhão (HU-UFMA) is situated, a reference institution in the state both in healthcare and in the training of professionals through undergraduate, multi-professional, uni-professional, and medical residencies. Therefore, this research aimed to an- alyze the conceptions of education and work present in the Political-Pedagogical Projects (PPPs) of the RIMS at HU-UFMA.To this end, the historical-dialectical materialism method was adopted, developing bibliographic and documentary re- search. Currently, the RIMS (Regional Interdisciplinary Program in Health) of HU- UFMA (University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão) is organized into nine PPPs (Pedagogical Projects), distributed across different areas of con- centration. From this set, five PPPs were selected for analysis, as they include social workers among the professions that are part of the program's multidiscipli- nary teams. The results show that the analyzed PPPs are predominantly based on the principles of Continuing Education in Health, valuing learning built from concrete work experiences, the integration of teaching and service, and multidis- ciplinary action. However, the analysis also revealed the presence of tensions and contradictions, especially related to the incorporation of managerial mecha- nisms characteristic of business logic, such as the adoption of competency-based pedagogy, which tends to reinforce pragmatic and technicist perspectives of training. These elements express the coexistence of distinct training and man- agement projects within the multiprofessional residency program, which, on the one hand, reflect critical, emancipatory perspectives committed to the principles of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), and, on the other hand, reproduce trends in productivity, performance, and rationalization of work processes. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-06-17T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7156 Título: Intersetorialidade nas políticas públicas para a promoção da igualdade racial: a atuação da Secretaria de Estado Extraordinária de Igualdade Racial do Maranhão entre 2010 a 2025 Autor: BARROS, Maria de Guadalupe Furtado Primeiro orientador: ARAÚJO, Cleonice Correia Abstract: This dissertation investigates the scope and challenges of intersectorality in the implementation of public policies for promoting racial equality carried out by the Maranhão State Secretariat for Racial Equality (SEIR/MA) between 2010 and 2025. To this end, we established a theoretical-methodological framework addressing the categories of racial equality, intersectorality, public policy, and SEIR/MA, as well as the concepts of structural racism and institutional racism. We adopted the historical- dialectical materialist approach as our method. To achieve the research results, we employed a qualitative approach, combining documentary research with fieldwork. The documentary phase involved analyzing legislation, plans, reports, regulations, and other institutional documents at both national and state levels regarding racial equality policies implemented by SEIR/MA during the period under study. Additionally, interviews were conducted with four Secretariat staff members, selected based on their roles in formulating and implementing institutional actions. Initially, we outlined the historical, social, and legal landscape of ethnic-racial issues and social policies, emphasizing intersectorality and the promotion of racial equality. Next, we presented the trajectory of SEIR/MA and the Racial Equality Policy in Maranhão, considering social pressure, institutional limitations, and the challenges of consolidating the policy. We analyzed intersectorality within SEIR/MA, examining the tension between political coordination and structural limitations. Finally, we conclude that intersectorality often runs up against bureaucratic barriers that tolerate the management of deprivation but resist changes to land ownership and the genuine redistribution of power and resources. The interviews provided insight into the subjects' perceptions of intersectorality, contributing to an understanding of the advances, challenges, and limitations involved in coordinating the public policies analyzed. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-06-09T00:00:00Z