A relevância da temporalidade na percepção do mundo fenomênico em Merleau-Ponty

Abstract

This dissertation examines the relevance of temporality in the constitution of the perception of the lived world in the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, highlighting how the body itself presents itself as the place where the meaning of experience is produced and transformed. The investigation demonstrates subjectivity as an embodied presence in temporal unfolding, revisiting the incorporated past and opening itself to future possibilities. Temporality is treated differently from chronological succession, being understood as a dynamic structure through which the body orients itself in the world, recognizes continuities, and establishes new forms of relationship. Within this framework, motor skills assume a central role as an original mode of openness to the phenomenal field. The methodology adopted follows a phenomenological-hermeneutical orientation, grounded in an analytical reading of Merleau-Ponty's works, particularly Phenomenology of Perception, in dialogue with contemporary commentators. The dissertation is structured in three parts: a critique of the limits of empiricism and intellectualism; an elucidation of the body as a condition of perceptual experience; and an analysis of temporality as a dimension responsible for the continuity of perception and subjectivity. It concludes with the inseparability of perception and lived time, a dimension in which the world presents itself and is reinscribed in the body, sustaining the constitution of embodied subjectivity.