REGULARIZAÇÃO FUNDIÁRIA E AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR EM TERRITÓRIOS QUILOMBOLAS: O caso do quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos no Maranhão

Abstract

Land regularization in quilombola territories remains one of the main barriers to the enforcement of rights guaranteed by the Brazilian Federal Constitution. Administrative delays, overlapping interests, and institutional fragility directly affect the social reproduction of traditional communities. The overall objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of land regularization on family farming in the quilombola territory of Santa Rosa dos Pretos, in Maranhão, considering its social, economic, productive, and territorial implications. The research adopts a qualitative approach grounded in historical-dialectical materialism, combining bibliographic review, document analysis, and interviews with representatives of INCRA and the State Secretariat for Family Agriculture. The results show that territorial insecurity hinders access to essential public policies such as the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), the National School Feeding Program (PNAE), rural credit, and technical assistance, while fostering conflicts, land pressures, and planning restrictions. Although diverse and grounded in traditional knowledge, quilombola family farming remains vulnerable without the legal protection of collective land rights. The study concludes that titling is a structural condition for strengthening the community’s productive, cultural, and political dynamics.